Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41498881›Full record

ArticleAdvances in therapy2026

Virtualizing Alcohol Use Disorder Therapy: A Systematic Scoping Review.

Alexander Bazhanov, Gerrit Meixner

Abstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in Advances in therapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Alexander BazhanovUniTyLab, Heilbronn University of Applied Sciences, Heilbronn, Germany.ORCID 0009-0005-6119-830X
Gerrit MeixnerUniTyLab, Heilbronn University of Applied Sciences, Heilbronn, Germany. gerrit.meixner@hs-heilbronn.de.ORCID 0000-0001-9550-7418

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundVirtual reality (VR) technology has become more mature and accessible in recent years. In the context of alcohol use disorder (AUD), it can be used for various therapeutic contexts, such as exposure therapy, diagnostics, and improved interactivity. Although promising, the data regarding its effectiveness vary; therefore, caution is warranted when it is introduced. This review aims to illustrate the current state of research on virtual reality in alcohol use disorder therapy.

methodsIn accordance with the PRISMA and Cochrane guidelines, publications focusing on implementing virtual reality to treat alcohol use disorder, published since 2015, were investigated. These included trials, prototype presentations, and expert interviews.

resultsThirty-two publications were identified, 19 of which were trials, with 653 participants. The results indicate that VR has been researched in various therapeutic contexts. In virtual cue-exposure therapy (CET), trials suggest that virtual reality can effectively increase craving and anxiety after one-time use and reduce craving after multiple uses. In diagnostics, trials demonstrate that it is possible to distinguish between heavy and light consumers based on the choices made in virtual reality, leading to a more standardized approach. In virtual approach-avoidance therapy (AAT), trials indicate increased effectiveness in the use of VR compared to the usual two-dimensional approach regarding craving. Non-trial publications focus on the inclusion of specific technologies, such as biofeedback, design choices, and ethical considerations.

conclusionsDespite promising results, current research is limited. From a therapeutic perspective, the limitations are the variety of approaches to development and use, the heterogeneous designs, inconsistent trial results, and the lack of long-term data on abstinence, effectiveness, and potential risks for patients. Technologically, the adaptation of virtual environments and the inclusion of biofeedback devices require more research. Methodically, the interdependence of scientific disciplines increases the complexity. Since virtual reality has been used in other types of therapy with success (e.g., phobia and anxiety treatment) and a growing body of literature presents promising findings, there is a strong incentive to continue research on using virtual reality in treating alcohol use disorder.

Indexed as

AlcoholismVirtual RealityVirtual Reality Exposure TherapyCravingCuesHumansAlcohol use disorderScoping reviewSystematic reviewVirtual reality

Identifiers

PMID41498881
PMCPMC12999612

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.