ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2026
Functional and Transcriptional Senescence Profiles of CD8+ T Cells Associate With the Presence of Carotid Plaques in People Living With HIV.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03994835 (2000 HIV Human Functional Genomics Partnership Program), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
2000 HIV Human Functional Genomics Partnership Program
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPeople living with HIV (PLHIV) are at increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), but the immunological mechanisms driving plaque formation remain unclear. This study investigated the association between peripheral immune cell subsets and carotid atherosclerotic plaques in PLHIV without prior clinical ASCVD.
methodsIn this multi-center cross-sectional study, virally suppressed PLHIV receiving antiretroviral therapy were enrolled from two Dutch cohorts: a discovery cohort (n = 994) and a validation cohort (n = 200). Participants underwent carotid ultrasound imaging to assess plaques using standardized criteria. Immune profiling was performed using high-dimensional flow cytometry of 355 immune cell populations. Associations with plaque were analyzed using linear regression adjusted for relevant confounders, and key findings were validated in the second cohort. Transcriptomic profiles of main cell populations were evaluated using deconvoluted bulk RNA sequencing to identify differential expression and pathway enrichment.
resultsCarotid plaques were present in 584 participants (49%)-502 of 994 (51%) in the discovery and 82 of 200 (41%) in the validation cohort. Plaques were associated with higher counts of several CD8+ T cell subsets, particularly PD-1-expressing cytotoxic T cells with an interferon secretion profile (CD8TC1PD1+). Transcriptomic analysis of CD8+ T cells revealed downregulated mitochondrial function and upregulated type 1 interferon and epidermal growth factor receptor signaling, indicating a senescent phenotype.
conclusionsCD8+ T cell senescence may contribute to early atherosclerotic plaque formation in PLHIV. Targeting immune senescence could offer a novel strategy for cardiovascular risk reduction in this population. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03994835.
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