Observational studyIndian journal of ophthalmology2026
A retrospective study reporting the incidence, risk factors, and intraocular pressure rise in patients receiving intravitreal steroids for retinal inflammatory diseases in a tertiary eye care hospital of South India.
Observational study in Indian journal of ophthalmology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo investigate the incidence and risk factors for steroid-induced ocular hypertension (SI-OHT) in patients receiving intravitreal steroids for retinal inflammatory diseases.
methodsThis retrospective observational study included patients who received either intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA/TA group) or dexamethasone intravitreal implant (DEX group) for the management of retinal vascular diseases in the period of 2018-23. SI-OHT in those patients were followed up for 2 years. Steroid responders and nonresponders were characterized based on intraocular pressure (IOP) change from the baseline. The incidence, risk factors, and magnitude of IOP rise and its association with ocular and systemic illness were investigated.
resultsOut of 1178 reviewed, 761 patients were excluded due to irregular follow-up. A total of 382 patients (382 eyes) who received either IVTA/DEX intravitreal implant during the study period were reviewed. The incidence of SI-OHT was found to be 46.3% (IVTA group) and 20.8% (DEX group) at 6 months, respectively. Among patients who received 2 mg IVTA dosage, 16.9% were steroid responders and 11.9% for the 4 mg group.
conclusionWe found that the incidence of SI-OHT was higher in IVTA group as compared to DEX group. No dose-dependent incidence was observed in the case of IVTA group. Age, gender, number of injections, and myopia were not associated with the risk of SI-OHT. Renal disease showed a significant association with the risk of SI-OHT in the DEX group, and patients with TB, stroke, and other drug allergies experienced a fivefold greater increase in IOP values in those groups.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.