ArticleJournal of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions2025
Protamine Utilization and Clinical Outcomes for Coronary Artery Perforation in Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Procedures.
Article in Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- A practical approach to the management of percutaneous coronary intervention complications.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Limited evidence exists for the management of coronary artery perforation. We evaluated temporal trends and clinical outcomes associated with protamine use following coronary artery perforation in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for chronic total occlusions (CTOs). Methods: A single-center retrospective analysis was performed on coronary perforations in patients undergoing CTO PCI procedures between September 10, 2014, and December 31, 2018, encompassing a change in institutional practice regarding use of protamine at case conclusion. The primary outcome was a composite of in-hospital mortality and cardiac tamponade. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association between protamine use and clinical outcomes. Results: In total, 1454 patients undergoing CTO PCI, coronary perforation occurred in 160 (11.0%), of which 68 (42.5%) received protamine. Ellis perforation classification was similar in the protamine and non-protamine groups ( Conclusions: In this retrospective analysis, use of protamine in patients with coronary artery perforation complicating CTO PCI was associated with a reduction in death and cardiac tamponade without evidence of increased stent thrombosis. Additional studies are warranted to establish optimal strategies for protamine use.
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