ArticleJournal of diabetes research2025
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at a Specialized Hospital in Asmara, Eritrea: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in Journal of diabetes research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Prevalence and Associated Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at a Specialized Hospital in Asmara, Eritrea: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of diabetes research · 2025Article
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12 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a progressive microangiopathy affecting the retinal microvasculature and is a leading cause of preventable blindness in adults globally. Despite its significance, DR remains under-investigated in sub-Saharan Africa. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of DR and its associated factors in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients attending a specialized hospital in Asmara, Eritrea. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 309 T2DM patients from the diabetes follow-up clinic at Halibet Referral Hospital, Asmara. Data were collected through structured questionnaires, clinical records, and biochemical analysis of blood samples. Ophthalmologic evaluation for DR was performed by eye specialists using ophthalmoscopy. Statistical analysis, including logistic regression, was performed to identify factors associated with DR. Results: The mean age of the participants was 57.8 ± 11.47 years, with an average disease duration of 12.14 ± 7.42 years. The prevalence of DR was 39.5% (95% CI: 34.03-44.9). Among these, 17.6% (95% CI: 11-25.1) had vision-threatening DR. Factors significantly associated with DR included reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m Conclusions: The prevalence of DR among T2DM patients in Eritrea is high. Longer disease duration, reduced eGFR, and insulin use were significantly associated with DR. Early detection and management of these risk factors may help mitigate the burden of DR in diabetic patients.
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