Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41496742›Full record

ArticleCommunity dentistry and oral epidemiology2026

The Modified Oral Status Survey Tool: Development and Psychometrics for Accessible Oral Health Data Collection.

Katrina Byrne, Blánaid Daly, Philip McCallion, Mary McCarron, Caoimhin Mac Giolla Phadraig

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Article in Community dentistry and oral epidemiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Katrina ByrneSchool of Dental Science, Trinity College, University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0455-7417
Blánaid DalyDublin Dental University Hospital & School of Dental Science, Trinity College, University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Philip McCallionSchool of Social Work, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5129-6399
Mary McCarronSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Caoimhin Mac Giolla PhadraigDublin Dental University Hospital & School of Dental Science, Trinity College, University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7797-1126

Funding

Health Research Board
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesUnderstudied populations such as those with intellectual disabilities (ID) face significant disease burden and oral health disparities. Systematic exclusion from oral health research contributes to resultant health inequalities, limits understanding of the determinants and implications of disease, and hinders the ability to improve health through evidence-based policy and healthcare planning. This study reports the development of the Modified Oral Status Survey Tool (MOSST), an accessible, low burden oral health assessment tool designed for use with populations who require communication and cognitive supports. It explores the MOSST's key measurement attributes: conceptual coverage, content validity, reliability, feasibility, and cost.

methodThe study followed an iterative tool development process. The MOSST was tested in two steps: (1) attribute testing of an interim version (MOSST v0.1) for inter and intra-rater reliability, burden, cost and feasibility; and (2) content validity testing of MOSST v1.0 using an expert and a Public and Patient Involvement (PPI) panel. Field testing involved data collection from Wave 5 of the Intellectual Disability Supplement to the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (IDS-TILDA), with data from n = 469 participants undertaking a MOSST assessment.

resultsData from n = 469 adults with ID were analysed. The MOSST demonstrated very strong/strong inter- and intra-rater reliability for tooth count (ICC = 0.999), denture wear, occlusal pairs, and oral pain (k = 0.808-1.00). Content validity was confirmed through expert and PPI panel reviews; item-level Content Validity Indices (iCVI) ranging from 0.85 to 1.00 were gained from the expert panel responses to measure agreement. This review process led to refinements, including replacing items representing occlusal function with functional tooth units and relocating the subjective oral pain item. This led to a final MOSSTv1.0 tool and associated training, protocol and resources. The MOSST was acceptable: 98% (n = 65) reporting data collection process acceptable; 100% (n = 66) painless and 100% (n = 66) not time-consuming. The cost per assessment was low (approx. €6.69) due to low equipment and staff costs.

conclusionThe MOSST is a seven-item tool recording indicators of oral function and disease. It was shown to be reliable, valid, and feasible for use by non-dental assessors among people with ID. It is low cost, low burden, quick and feasible and offers potential for use among understudied communities.

Indexed as

Data CollectionDental Health SurveysOral HealthAdultAgedFemaleHumansIntellectual DisabilityIrelandMaleMiddle AgedPsychometricsReproducibility of ResultsSurveys and Questionnairesfeasibilityhealth equityinclusive researchnon‐ dental assessment toolpsychometric validationreliability

Identifiers

PMID41496742
PMCPMC13669796

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