Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41496447›Full record

SynthesisEarly intervention in psychiatry2026

The Impact of Psychological Interventions on Functioning in the Context of Borderline Personality Disorder Features for Adolescents and Young Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Benjamin D Brandrett, Ruchika Gajwani

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Early intervention in psychiatry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Benjamin D BrandrettSchool of Health and Well Being, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Ruchika GajwaniSchool of Health and Well Being, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1199-320X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveAdolescents recruited from clinical samples with borderline personality disorder (BPD) often experience significant functional impairment across multiple domains. Evidence indicates that borderline personality features emerging before adulthood can predict long-term difficulties and may worsen over time. However, the role of assessment methods and the impact of psychological interventions on functional outcomes remain unclear.

methodsA systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to evaluate the impact of psychological interventions on functioning in adolescents and young adults with BPD features. Four databases (PsycINFO, Medline, Embase and CINAHL) were searched up to June 2023.

resultsFrom 1859 identified studies, seven trials (N = 657) met the inclusion criteria. Across studies, psychological interventions were associated with improvements in functioning from baseline to both post-treatment and final follow-up. However, when comparing specialised psychological interventions to generalist treatment as usual (TAU), differences were not statistically significant. Effect sizes were small at post-treatment (SMD = 0.13, 95% CI = [-0.05, 0.31]) and remained small at final follow-up (SMD = 0.12, 95% CI = [-0.08, 0.33]). Substantial heterogeneity was observed across studies, and risk of bias was noted in several trials, with only two studies rated as low risk.

conclusionsThe findings suggest that both specialised psychological interventions and generalist interventions yield similar outcomes in terms of functional improvement. These results have implications for clinical service design and underscore the importance of addressing the needs of this underrepresented population. More high-quality, large-scale trials are needed to strengthen the evidence base.

Indexed as

Borderline Personality DisorderPsychosocial InterventionAdolescentHumansRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicYoung Adultadolescentsborderline personality disorderfunctioningpsychological interventionsyoung adults

Identifiers

PMID41496447
PMCPMC12775647

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.