Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41496306›Full record

ReviewMedical gas research2026

Gas therapy: an innovative application for intervertebral disc degeneration.

Lu Cai, Bin Ru, Haijiang Ren, Fang Cai, Lingyuan Zeng, Jiayu Yang, Shibo Wang, Han Zhang, Yao Li, Long Zhang

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Medical gas research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Lu CaiDepartment of Painology, Shaoxing Second Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China.
Bin RuCenter for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Pain Management, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
Haijiang RenDepartment of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
Fang CaiCenter for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Pain Management, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
Lingyuan ZengDepartment of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China.
Jiayu YangDepartment of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China.
Shibo WangInstitute for Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
Han ZhangInstitute for Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
Yao LiInstitute for Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.ORCID 0000-0001-6605-4069
Long ZhangCenter for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Pain Management, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.ORCID 0000-0001-9764-2867

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Environmental gaseous molecules extensively participate in human physiological and pathological regulation through differential biological effects. Gas transmitter-based therapeutic strategies, as emerging intervention modalities, have demonstrated significant translational value in intervertebral disc degeneration management. The intervertebral disc degeneration susceptibility to progressive degenerative pathology stems from its unique avascular nature and complex biomechanical microenvironment, while conventional therapies face limitations in efficacy and carry invasive risks. This review systematically delineates innovative applications of gaseous therapeutics for intervertebral disc degeneration, encompassing clinically established ozone and hyperbaric oxygen therapies alongside preclinical-stage hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, and nitric oxide interventions. Comprehensive analyses address molecular properties, biological functions, and mechanistic actions. Current evidence indicates that gas therapies significantly alleviate pain and improve functional impairment through targeted modulation of oxidative stress-inflammation-apoptosis cascades and extracellular matrix metabolic dysregulation. Their minimally invasive precision delivery capabilities and multimodal bio-regulatory advantages offer groundbreaking diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for intervertebral disc degeneration, exhibiting well-defined clinical translation potential.

Indexed as

GasesIntervertebral Disc DegenerationAnimalsHumansHyperbaric OxygenationOxidative StressGasesgasgas therapyhydrogenhydrogen sulfidehyperbaric oxygenintervertebral disc degenerationlow back painnitric oxidenucleus pulposusozone

Identifiers

PMID41496306
PMCPMC12935121

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.