ArticleBMC nursing2026
Improving subcutaneous injection safety among nurses: a randomized controlled trial of video-based and face-to-face training.
Article in BMC nursing, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05469035 (Hamidiye Faculty of Nursing, University of Health Sciences), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Hamidiye Faculty of Nursing, University of Health Sciences
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInjection safety is vital in nursing practice. Registered nurses may lack adequate skills due to limited clinical experience. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of video-based and face-to-face training methods on the subcutaneous injection safety knowledge and practical skills of registered nurses.
methodsA randomized controlled design was used to compare video-based and face-to-face training in improving injection safety among 82 registered nurses. Data were collected using researcher-developed forms assessing knowledge, skills, satisfaction, and demographics. CONSORT checklist followed in this study. No adverse events were observed during the study.
resultsTraining delivered both online and in face-to-face improved knowledge and skills. However, face-to-face training resulted in significantly higher knowledge scores (91.2 ± 8.61) for subcutaneous injection than online training (82.24 ± 11.39) indicating a mean difference of 8.96 points (mean difference = 8.96; 95% CI: 4.58–13.34; Cohen’s d = 0.89; p < 0.001), with an achieved power of 0.89.
conclusionsBoth face-to-face and video-based education effectively improved knowledge and skills, highlighting the value of ongoing training in ensuring patient safety and subcutenous heparin injection practice.
trial registrationThis trial was prospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05469035) on July 21, 2022, prior to the enrollment of the first participant. Current controlled trials clinical trials ID: NCT05469035 (Date:21.07.2022).
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