Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41495655›Full record

ArticleBMC genomics2026

A pangenome insight into the genome divergence and flower color diversity among Rhododendron species.

Hai-Yao Ma, Shuai Nie, Hai-Bo Liu, Tian-Le Shi, Shi-Wei Zhao, Zhao-Yang Chen, Yu-Tao Bao, Zhi-Chao Li, Jian-Feng Mao

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Article in BMC genomics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

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9 authors.

Hai-Yao Ma *State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
Shuai Nie *Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of High Quality Rice in Southern China (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
Hai-Bo Liu *Jinan Academy of Landscape and Forestry Science, Jinan, 250100, China.
Tian-Le ShiInstitute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.
Shi-Wei ZhaoUmeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, Umeå, SE-901 87, Sweden.
Zhao-Yang ChenUmeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, Umeå, SE-901 87, Sweden.
Yu-Tao BaoState Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
Zhi-Chao LiState Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
Jian-Feng MaoState Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China. jianfeng.mao@umu.se.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe Rhododendron genus (Rhododendron L.), recognized as the most extensive woody plant genus in the Northern Hemisphere, captivates with its strikingly beautiful corollas and variety of flower colors. In addition, the Rhododendron genus exhibits a complex evolutionary history and substantial species diversification. To comprehensively understand the genomic complexity and flower color diversity within this genus, comparative genomics has emerged as a promising approach, enabling analysis at a super-species level.

resultsHere, we collected whole-genome data from seven rhododendrons of different subgenera to investigate the patterns of interspecific genomic and sequence divergence, as well as evolutionary dynamics of gene family related to flower color. We discovered that approximately 50% of Rhododendron genomes are composed of transposable elements (TEs), with over half of them being long terminal repeat retrotransposons (LTR-RTs). TEs significantly associate with genomic differentiation and structural variances within the genus. Additionally, the duplication and loss of genes associated with flower color and their corresponding expression over time are potentially driven by TEs.

conclusionOur comparative genomic analysis accentuates the critical role of TEs in genome divergence within the Rhododendron genus, highlighting their potential role as a key factor governing speciation and interspecific variability within the genus.

Indexed as

FlowersGenome, PlantGenomicsPigmentationRhododendronDNA Transposable ElementsEvolution, MolecularGenetic VariationPhylogenyRetroelementsDNA Transposable ElementsRetroelementsFlower colorGene duplicationGene lossRhododendronTransposable element

Identifiers

PMID41495655
PMCPMC12837525

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