Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41495553›Full record

ArticleJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2026

Neighborhood Disadvantage, Functional Difficulty, and Cognitive Decline among Older Mexican Americans.

Weidi Qin, Lucia Cavanagh, Joshua Owens, Soham Al Snih, Irving E Vega

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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Weidi QinSandra Rosenbaum School of Social Work, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA, 1350 University Ave, 53706. wqin8@wisc.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3404-5499
Lucia CavanaghSemel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Joshua OwensDepartment of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Soham Al SnihDepartment of Population Health and Health Disparities, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
Irving E VegaDepartment of Translational Neuroscience, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.

Funding

Statistical Data Enclave CoreP30AG017266 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI Michal Engelman · 1999 to 2026
$17.0M
TRAINING IN THE DEMOGRAPHY OF AGINGT32AG000221 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Sarah A. Burgard · 1992 to 2026
$15.3M
LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF MEXICAN AMERICAN ELDERLY HEALTHR01AG010939 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MEDICAL BR GALVESTON · PI MARKIDES, KYRIAKOS S · 1992 to 2022
$14.6M
The Texas Resource Center on Minority Aging Research (RCMAR)P30AG059301 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MED BR GALVESTON · PI Kyriakos S Markides, Fernando Riosmena · 2018 to 2026
$5.2M
NIA NIH HHS P30 AG017266NIA NIH HHS P30AG017266NIA NIH HHS P30 AG059301NIA NIH HHS R01 AG010939NIA NIH HHS R01AG010939NIA NIH HHS T32 AG000221NIA NIH HHS T32AG000221
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCognitive decline is a disproportionately prevalent condition among older Mexican Americans, highlighting the need to understand the biopsychosocial factors contributing to cognitive health in this population. The study aims to investigate the longitudinal association between functional difficulty and cognitive decline and to determine the moderating effect of neighborhood disadvantage among older Mexican Americans.

methodsWe used four waves of data from the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly (2004-2005 to 2012-2013) linked to the 2010 National Neighborhood Data Archive. We selected older Mexican Americans who scored ≥ 21 on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) at baseline (n = 1,189). Cognitive function was measured by the MMSE. Neighborhood disadvantage was assessed based on five census-tract indicators. Functional difficulty was indicated by limitations in activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL (IADL). Multilevel mixed-effects regression models were performed to estimate cognitive change over time.

resultsThere was an average decline of 0.70 in the MMSE score as a function of ADL (p < 0.001), but no significant changes were observed for IADL. Significant interactions were observed between study wave and ADL/IADL (both p < 0.001) in predicting MMSE score. Participants with ADL/IADL difficulty experienced faster cognitive decline. Neighborhood disadvantage was associated with cognitive declines among participants with IADL difficulty, but not among those without.

conclusionNeighborhood disadvantage may represent a socioeconomic stressor that can negatively impact cognitive health among older Mexican Americans with functional difficulty. Culturally responsive neighborhood-level efforts may contribute to reducing the risk of cognitive decline among older Mexican Americans.

Indexed as

Cognitive declineFunctional difficultyMexican AmericansNeighborhood disadvantageSocioeconomic status

Identifiers

PMID41495553
PMCPMC12970403

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