ArticleBrain tumor pathology2026
Exploratory analysis of miRNAs-21, -26a, -34a, -181c, -181d, and -485-5p as potential biomarkers for tumor treating fields sensitivity in primary glioblastoma cell cultures.
Article in Brain tumor pathology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) are approved for glioblastoma (GBM) treatment, but predictive biomarkers remain unclear. This study evaluates TTFields effectiveness in primary GBM cell cultures and explores miRNA biomarkers in tumor tissue, plasma, and primary cell cultures. TTFields were applied to 21 primary GBM cell cultures for 72 h. Cell viability was assessed pre- and post-treatment, with parallel evaluations in control cultures. Expression levels of miRNAs-21, -26a, -34a, -181c, -181d, and -485-5p were analyzed in tumor tissue, plasma, and untreated/treatment-exposed cultures. Correlation analyses examined TTFields response and miRNA expression. Response rates varied, with a mean cell viability reduction of 48.53%. Expression of miRNA-26a in tumor tissue (p = 0.041, r = 0.502) and miRNAs-21, -26a, and -181c in untreated control cultures (p < 0.05) correlated with increased TTFields effectiveness. Linear correlations were observed for miRNAs-26a and -181c in untreated control cultures ([95% CI: 0.001938-0.01725, p = 0.016; 95% CI: 0.0000003935-0.0001641, p = 0.049). Individual GBM cell cultures respond differently to TTFields. Overexpression of miRNA-26a in native tumor tissue and overexpression of miRNAs-21, -26a and -181c in untreated control cell cultures were positively correlated with increased effectiveness of TTFields treatment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.