Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41495196›Full record

ArticleNature materials2026

Monolithic cell-on-memristor architecture enables wafer-scale integration of oscillatory chemoreceptors for bio-realistic gustatory chips.

Bowen Zhong, Xiaokun Qin, Hao Xu, Fei Deng, Hailong Wang, Linlin Li, Zhexin Li, Wenxuan Zhang, Zheng Lou, Lili Wang

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature materials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  5. Review
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  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Dual-temperature HMicrosystems & nanoengineering · 2026
    Article
  10. Junction Physics and Architectural Paradigms in Optoelectronic Semiconductor Fibers.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Bowen ZhongState Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Physics and Chip Technologies, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.ORCID 0000-0001-9365-895X
Xiaokun QinState Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Physics and Chip Technologies, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Hao XuState Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Physics and Chip Technologies, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Fei DengState Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Physics and Chip Technologies, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Hailong WangState Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Physics and Chip Technologies, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Linlin LiState Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Physics and Chip Technologies, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Zhexin LiState Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Physics and Chip Technologies, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Wenxuan ZhangState Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Physics and Chip Technologies, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Zheng LouState Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Physics and Chip Technologies, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. zlou@semi.ac.cn.ORCID 0000-0001-5744-3759
Lili WangState Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Physics and Chip Technologies, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. liliwang@semi.ac.cn.ORCID 0000-0002-0422-4277

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 62374159National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 62422409National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 62504223
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Array fabrication and the wafer-scale integration of artificial oscillatory chemoreceptors are crucial for enabling biomimetic chips with bio-realistic chemoreception in practical bioapplications. However, existing chemoreceptors based on conventional architectures require sophisticated or non-scalable fabrication techniques due to inherent material or structural defects. Here we introduce a monolithic cell-on-memristor (CoM) chemoreceptive architecture featuring a unique oscillation mechanism for self-powered biosensing and in situ spike encoding. Through rational material selection and complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor-compatible fabrication, we realize the demonstration of a wafer-scale 10 × 10 CoM array with a spatial resolution of 51 pixels per inch and a very small pixel size of 150 μm, with potential for further scaling down. Using its bio-plausible ion-modulated voltage oscillations with spatiotemporal probabilistic spiking information, we exploit the CoM-array-based gustatory chip to replicate gustation for accuracy salty taste classification. Our CoM architecture offers a general and scalable approach for implementing chemoreceptive oscillatory systems aimed at human-machine biointegration applications.

Indexed as

Biosensing TechniquesChemoreceptor CellsTasteHumansSemiconductors

Identifiers

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.