ArticleScientific reports2026
Examining awareness, implementation, and challenges of sustainable development goal 6 in rural Osun State, Nigeria.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Exploring Water Storage Practices and Determinants for Sustainable Water Supply in Tropical Environments: Advancing SDG 6 Implementation.Environmental health insights · 2026Article
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Abstract
As the global community intensifies efforts to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030, this study examines the awareness, implementation, and challenges of SDG 6 in rural communities of Osun West Senatorial District, Osun State, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 31 communities across 10 local government areas (LGAs), with three communities per LGA, resulting in a total of 310 surveyed households. Data collection involved two structured questionnaires focusing on water access and sanitation, supplemented by field observations. Descriptive analysis revealed that 82.8% of respondents were female, while 79.57% earned below the national minimum wage of ₦70,000 (approximately $47). Additionally, 49.46% relied on surface and groundwater sources for drinking water, and 63.44% practiced open defecation, highlighting critical sanitation challenges. Findings further showed that 20 (61.29%) of the communities did not benefit from Millennium Development Goal (MDG) water projects, and among the 11 villages with such projects, only five had functional water facilities, indicating inadequate implementation and maintenance. Factorability tests of the datasets yielded Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) values of 60.2% and 77.5% for water access and sanitation facilities, respectively, both significant at p < 0.005. Factor analysis (FA) identified four key variables influencing awareness of SDG 6 (clean water component), explaining 71.22% of the total variance. People's belief in water as a communal and non-exclusive resource accounted for the highest variance (24.62%) with an Eigenvalue of 2.216. Similarly, three key factors explained 75.8% of the total variance in respondents' awareness of SDG 6 (sanitation component), with the lack of household sanitation facilities contributing the most (41.27%) and an Eigenvalue of 2.889. The study underscores the urgent need for targeted awareness campaigns, stronger community engagement, and sustainable policy interventions to improve access to clean water and proper sanitation. Strengthening institutional support and fostering behavioural change are critical to ensuring the successful implementation of SDG 6 in rural Nigeria. Further research in other regions is recommended to enhance the understanding of SDG 6 implementation among rural populations.
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