ArticleAnimal models and experimental medicine2026
Establishment of a biosafe murine model of skeletal tuberculosis using Mycobacterium smegmatis.
Article in Animal models and experimental medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Establishment of a biosafe murine model of skeletal tuberculosis using Mycobacterium smegmatis.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2026Article
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13 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundSkeletal tuberculosis (TB) remains a persistent clinical and research challenge due to its chronic course, osteolytic destruction, and the limitations of existing animal models, which often require high-level biosafety containment or fail to replicate human skeletal pathology.
methodsThis study developed a biosafe, accessible, and versatile murine model of skeletal TB using Mycobacterium smegmatis, a fast-growing, nonpathogenic mycobacterial species with high genomic homology to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Three infection routes-subperiosteal calvarial injection, intratibial injection, and intracardiac inoculation-were systematically evaluated for their ability to induce localized versus disseminated bone infection under standard biosafety level (BSL)-1 conditions.
resultsSubperiosteal calvarial and intratibial injection of M. smegmatis induced localized bone lesions characterized by osteolysis, sequestrum formation, granulomatous inflammation, and increased osteoclast activity. Intratibial infection additionally triggered compartment-specific immune responses, including neutrophil and macrophage expansion, transient B-cell depletion, and activation of interferon-γ
conclusionsThis M. smegmatis-based murine model provides a straightforward, reliable, and immunopathologically relevant platform for exploring host-pathogen dynamics, immune-driven bone destruction, and early-stage therapeutic testing in skeletal TB, all within standard BSL-1 laboratories. This model fills a critical gap by enabling BSL-1 research into skeletal TB mechanisms and drug development.
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