ArticleEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology2026
The threat of multidrug-resistant microorganisms: active surveillance of key antimicrobial resistant pathogens in 2025 - a report from the INVIFAR network.
Article in European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- National surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in Iran using IAMR software: A hospital-based study.New microbes and new infections · 2026Article
- Analysis of Infection Types, Pathogens, Antimicrobial Treatment, and Clinical Outcomes Data in Hospitalised Patients: Comprehensive Online Database for Antimicrobial Resistance (CODAR) Retrospective Pilot Study.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2026Article
- A retrospective analysis of pathogen distribution and antimicrobial resistance trends of bacteria in a tertiary hospital in China, 2021-2025.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
61 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeSystematic collection and analysis of antimicrobial resistance data from key bacterial pathogens is essential to contribute to control antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The aim of this work was to survey the drug resistance on clinically relevant organisms stratified according to age, gender, clinical specimens and facilities.
methodsMicrobiological data were collected from 55 centers across 24 states in Mexico between January 1 and March 31, 2025. Bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed at each participating center using locally available methods. Data was processed using WHONET 2025. Isolates obtained from lower respiratory specimens, urine, blood, biopsies and abscesses were analyzed. Carbapenem non-susceptible isolates were further analyzed by PCR for common carbapenemase-encoding genes. Resistance frequencies were compared using the chi-square test.
resultsA total of 11,290 clinical isolates were analyzed, mostly from urine (n = 7,149; 63.3%), followed by blood (n = 1,370; 12.1%). The most prevalent was Escherichia coli (n = 6,185; 54.8%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 1,365; 12.1%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 1,110; 9.8%). Resistance to carbapenems in E. coli was higher in respiratory isolates (imipenem: 5.8%, p = 0.016; meropenem: 5.3%, p < 0.001), with 75.9% producing extended-spectrum ß-lactamases (ESBLs). K. pneumoniae had the highest resistance to ampicillin/sulbactam (52.5%, p = 0.028) and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (62.1%, p = 0.014) in blood isolates, and 63.2% were ESBL-producers (p = 0.001). In P. aeruginosa, urine isolates showed significantly higher resistance to ceftolozane-tazobactam (24.7%, p = 0.008), ceftazidime-avibactam (36.6%, p < 0.001), and meropenem (34.5%, p = 0.009) compared to other clinical specimens included. For A. baumannii, respiratory isolates had 73.6% resistance to meropenem (p < 0.001). S. aureus from blood showed 25.7% resistance to oxacillin (p < 0.004). The most frequent carbapenemase genes were bla
conclusionThis surveillance study underscores the elevated levels of antimicrobial resistance, ESBL production, and carbapenemase activity among priority pathogens, including some Enterobacterales, P. aeruginosa, and A. baumannii. These findings emphasize the urgent need to strengthen epidemiologic surveillance programs in Mexican healthcare settings.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.