ArticleEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology2026
Risk factors for antibiotic resistance and 30-day mortality among adult patients with acute leukemia and Escherichia coli bloodstream infection.
Article in European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeEscherichia coli (E.coli) represents the predominant Gram-negative bacterial causing bloodstream infection (BSI) in patients with acute leukemia (AL). This study sought to determine the risk factors for antibiotic-resistant E.coli strains and for 30-day mortality in this specific patient cohort.
methodsThis retrospective study enrolled adult patients with AL and E.coli BSI hospitalized between January 2017 and December 2023 at Fujian Medical University Union Hospital. Risk factors for antibiotic-resistant E.coli and for 30-day mortality were identified using multivariate logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression, respectively, while the Kaplan-Meier method was employed to plot survival curves.
resultsThis study included 127 patients with AL and E.coli BSI. The rates of ESBL-producing E.coli (ESBL-E.coli) and carbapenem-resistant (CR) E.coli were 7.9% and 54.3%, respectively. Multivariate analysis identified prior cephalosporins use as an independent predictor for ESBL-E.coli BSI. The 30-day mortality rate of patients with AL and E.coli BSI was 17.3%. Age, pulmonary infections, CR E.coli, ESBL-E.coli, and inappropriate empirical therapy exhibited higher 30-day mortality rates. Nevertheless, only pulmonary infection and inappropriate empirical therapy were independent risk factors. Consequently, patients with pulmonary infection or receiving inappropriate empirical therapy had a worse prognosis.
conclusionsPrior cephalosporins use independently increased the risk of developing ESBL-E.coli. 30-day mortality was independently associated with pulmonary infections and inappropriate empirical therapy. Thus, prompt initiation of appropriate antimicrobial therapy and prevention of pulmonary infection are essential in patients with AL and E.coli BSI.
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