Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41492586›Full record

ArticleCureus2025

Previously Incarcerated Veteran: A Case of Drug-Induced Parkinsonism.

Brian R Bailey, Ashley Mason, Vien Dinh

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Brian R BaileyEmergency Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Clearwater, USA.
Ashley MasonNeurology, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, USA.
Vien DinhPsychiatry, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, St. Petersburg, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Drug-induced Parkinsonism (DIP) is a recognized extrapyramidal side effect (EPS) associated with prolonged antipsychotic therapy, and typically occurs early in antipsychotic initiation. We present a rare case of late-onset DIP in a 64-year-old previously incarcerated male veteran with schizophrenia, who had been maintained on risperidone for nearly 40 years without regular psychiatric follow-up. The patient presented with a one-month progression of rigidity, dysarthria, and dysphagia. Upon admission, neurological evaluation revealed significant cogwheel rigidity, slow speech, flat affect, and dysdiadochokinesia consistent with DIP. Treatment involved gradual tapering of risperidone, introduction of benztropine for symptomatic relief, and initiation of aripiprazole to maintain psychiatric stability. Symptoms markedly improved, reaffirming the diagnosis of DIP over idiopathic Parkinson's disease. This case emphasizes the importance of regular medication review and follow-up in managing antipsychotic therapy to prevent severe EPS complications, particularly in vulnerable populations such as incarcerated individuals and military veterans.

Indexed as

aripiprazolebenztropinedrug-induced parkinsonismextrapyramidal symptomsincarcerationrisperidoneschizophreniasecond-generation antipsychoticsveterans

Identifiers

PMID41492586
PMCPMC12765458

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.