ArticleIJU case reports2026
The First Case of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin-Induced Autoimmune Encephalitis.
Article in IJU case reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- The First Case of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin-Induced Autoimmune Encephalitis.IJU case reports · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) therapy is a standard treatment for intermediate to high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. While local side effects are common, systemic complications are rare and can be serious. Case Presentation: A 69-year-old man presented with episodes of fever, headache, and impaired consciousness. He had undergone intravesical BCG therapy 3 days before presentation. He was initially diagnosed with viral encephalitis and treated with acyclovir, but showed no clinical improvement. Given the lack of response, autoimmune encephalitis was suspected, and steroid therapy was initiated, resulting in marked clinical improvement. Plasmapheresis was performed in addition to steroid therapy, and his condition improved to the level observed prior to BCG treatment. To date, he remains stable and relapse-free. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of BCG-induced autoimmune encephalitis after intravesical therapy.
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