Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41491954›Full record

ReviewOncoimmunology2026

Unlocking the therapeutic potential of immuno-radiotherapy: insights from preclinical and clinical research.

M M Cogels, A de Caluwé, L Buisseret, S Penninckx

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Oncoimmunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

M M CogelsDepartment of Radiotherapy, Institut Jules Bordet, Hopital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Brussels, Belgium.
A de CaluwéDepartment of Radiotherapy, Institut Jules Bordet, Hopital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Brussels, Belgium.
L BuisseretBreast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory J.-C. Heuson, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Faculty of Medecine, Brussels, Belgium.
S PenninckxDepartment of Radiotherapy, Institut Jules Bordet, Hopital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Brussels, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-3016-778X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The immunomodulatory potential of radiotherapy provides a strong rationale for its combination with immunotherapies and other immunostimulatory agents. However, current combinations yield suboptimal clinical benefits. As the mechanisms behind radiotherapy-induced immunomodulation are gradually unraveled, various key factors have been identified as critical modulators of this process, opening new possibilities for adapting radiotherapy to immunotherapy. Here, we discuss seven factors: dose‒fractionation regimens of radiotherapy (RT), sequence and timing of RT and immunotherapy, radiation field, type of ionizing radiation, normal tissue effects, choice of the lesion to irradiate and identification of biomarkers. Preclinical and clinical studies on the combination of immunotherapy and radiotherapy are discussed, novel immunotherapeutic approaches are highlighted and improvements in study design are suggested.

Indexed as

ImmunotherapyNeoplasmsRadiotherapyAnimalsCombined Modality TherapyDose Fractionation, RadiationHumansImmunomodulationabscopal effectimmune modulationimmunotherapyRadiotherapy

Identifiers

PMID41491954
PMCPMC12778880

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.