ArticlePharmaceutical research2026
Transcutaneous Delivery of Dual-Approach Oxaprozin and Apricot Kernel Oil Through a QbD Driven Nanoemulgel: Therapeutic Potential Against Osteoarthritis-Induced Animal Model.
Article in Pharmaceutical research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Hyaluronic acid microneedle patch for transdermal delivery of naringin-loaded PEGylated terpesomes in a rat model of rheumatoid arthritis: Modulation TGF-β1, oxidative stress, and inflammation.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
purposeOsteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that causes painful inflammation with cartilaginous damage that highly impacts geriatric health, demanding advanced therapy with limited complications on treatment. Conventional therapies focused on associated pain only, thus failing to treat the root cause of inflammatory degenerative cartilaginous tissue of the joints. To overcome the related issues, a holistic approach is the combinatorial therapy of Oxaprozin (OXA) and Apricot kernel oil (AKO) which encompasses the excellent analgesic and restoration of lipid-balance activities.
methodThe scalable targeted transcutaneous delivery of OXA-loaded Apricot oil-based nanoemulgel (OXA-NEG) was optimized and evaluated. Further, preclinical studies aligned with better therapeutic outcomes.
resultThe GC-MS study of the AKO identified potential components, including vitamins, fatty acids, and antioxidants. The optimized nanoemulsion with an average globule size of 208.5 ± 5.97 nm, PDI 0.2502 ± 0.045, and zeta potential of -16.33 ± 0.241 mV, revealed promising delivery. The OXA-NEG exhibited good spreadability and extrudability in texture analysis. The in-vitro and ex-vivo studies demonstrated sustained release with high permeation flux compared to conventional gel. The therapeutic potential was assessed on an osteoarthritis-induced animal model, where radiographic examination revealed that the OXA-NEG group of rats showed prominent recovery of the swollen joint cartilage in contrast to the control group. The plasma TNF-α and IL-6 levels also showed substantial variation (p < 0.001) compared to the control group.
conclusionIt is concluded that the proposed formulation has promising dual therapeutic potential for transcutaneous delivery, meeting safety aspects and could be aligned with better clinical acceptance.
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