Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41491799›Full record

SynthesisBMC pregnancy and childbirth2026

Effectiveness of interventions applied to pregnant and postpartum women on postpartum comfort: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Fatma Aybiçe Karaca, Hava Özkan, Serap Ejder Apay

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Fatma Aybiçe KaracaDepartment of Midwifery, Institute of Health Sciences, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
Hava ÖzkanDepartment of Midwifery, Institute of Health Sciences, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey. havaoran@atauni.edu.tr.
Serap Ejder ApayDepartment of Midwifery, Institute of Health Sciences, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPostpartum comfort is a critical component of maternal health, influencing both physical and psychological recovery following childbirth. Non-pharmacological interventions offer potential benefits in enhancing postpartum comfort, yet their impact remains inconsistent across studies. This review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions in improving postpartum comfort.

methodsRelevant studies were systematically identified using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, and quality was assessed through the Cochrane risk of bias (RoB2) tool. Data synthesis and meta-analytic calculations were conducted using Review Manager (RevMan) software. The intervention effect size was determined based on the standardized mean difference in postpartum comfort scores between intervention and control groups. Heterogeneity was assessed using I

resultsA total of eight studies met the inclusion criteria. The forest plot of pooled effect size indicated that non-pharmacological interventions significantly improved postpartum comfort, with a standardized mean difference of 1.45 (95% CI: 0.84, 2.05) at the last outcome assessment. Subgroup analyses revealed an effect size of 1.23 (95% CI: 0.52, 1.95) for immediate impact interventions (within the first 48 h postpartum) and 1.59 (95% CI: 0.63, 2.56) for sustained impact interventions (up to two weeks postpartum), with substantial heterogeneity observed across studies (I

conclusionsThese findings suggest that non-pharmacological interventions can play a significant role in enhancing postpartum comfort, particularly in the early postpartum period. Further research across diverse populations is recommended to strengthen the evidence base for these interventions.

Indexed as

Patient ComfortPostnatal CarePostpartum PeriodFemaleHumansPregnancyMaternal healthMeta-analysisNon-pharmacological interventionsPostpartum comfortSystematic review

Identifiers

PMID41491799
PMCPMC12829153

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.