Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41491760›Full record

ArticlePsychonomic bulletin & review2026

Integrating body information with faces directs attention away from race, altering racially biased weapon identification.

Samuel A W Klein, Bethany Lassetter, Rebecca Neel, Andrew R Todd

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Psychonomic bulletin & review, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Samuel A W KleinDepartment of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. sak2290@columbia.edu.
Bethany LassetterDepartment of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
Rebecca NeelDepartment of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Andrew R ToddDepartment of Psychology and Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA. atodd@ucdavis.edu.

Funding

National Science Foundation BCS-1625401National Science Foundation BCS-1764097
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Racially biased weapon identification, wherein guns are identified more easily after seeing Black (vs. White) face primes, is a robust and replicable phenomenon. Mounting evidence suggests that introducing additional facial information (e.g., varying age cues) does not meaningfully alter this racial bias. Only when augmenting its relative salience does the additional, nonrace information appear to mitigate racially biased weapon identification. Even when reducing racial bias by enhancing nonrace facial cues, social information is typically communicated via the face, a context in which race may be particularly salient. Two experiments (N

Indexed as

AttentionFacial RecognitionFirearmsRacismSocial PerceptionAdolescentAdultCuesDecision MakingFemaleHumansMaleYoung AdultAgeDiffusion decision modelingMultinomial processing tree modelingPrimingStereotyping

Identifiers

PMID41491760

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.