Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41491751›Full record

ArticleJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2026

Race and Neighborhood Social Determinants of Diabetes Mortality in California Adults, before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Neil Maizlish, Adrienne Damicis, Tracy Delaney, Helen Dowling

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Article in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Neil MaizlishPublic Health Alliance of Southern California, Public Health Institute, 555 12th Street, 10th Floor, Oakland, CA, 94607, USA. neil3971@comcast.net.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6672-1183
Adrienne DamicisPublic Health Alliance of Southern California, Public Health Institute, 555 12th Street, 10th Floor, Oakland, CA, 94607, USA.
Tracy DelaneyPublic Health Alliance of Southern California, Public Health Institute, 555 12th Street, 10th Floor, Oakland, CA, 94607, USA.
Helen DowlingPublic Health Alliance of Southern California, Public Health Institute, 555 12th Street, 10th Floor, Oakland, CA, 94607, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeOur objective was to quantify the association of social determinants of diabetes mortality and effect modification by race/ethnicity and COVID-19 pandemic time period.

methodsThe Healthy Places Index (HPI) composites 23 indicators of neighborhood socio-economic and environmental conditions, and healthcare access. In this cross-sectional observational study of Californians aged ≥18 years, we aggregated 44,488 diabetes deaths and populations to 2010 census tracts from death certificates and U.S. census populations. Log-linear regression was used to test associations between age-adjusted diabetes mortality rates and HPI deciles in pre-pandemic (2015-2019) and pandemic (2020-2021) periods.

resultsMortality rates in 2015-2019 were inversely related to HPI scores and declined 12.7% per HPI decile. The rate ratio (RR

conclusionThe pandemic exacerbated pre-existing diabetes disparities. Health equity metrics incorporating area-based socioeconomic measures can be integrated into routine public health surveillance, which can inform policies that reduce diabetes health inequities.

Indexed as

COVID-19Diabetes, racial groupsMortalitySocial classSocial determinants of health

Identifiers

PMID41491751

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.