Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41491483›Full record

ArticleMalaria journal2026

Mapping mosquito diversity in Kenya correlating species distribution with malaria prevalence across varied climatic parameters.

Jeremiah O Zablon, Varun Goel, David Giesbrecht, Lenson Kariuki, Charles Mbogo, William C Goedel, Jeffrey A Bailey, Damaris Matoke-Muhia

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Malaria journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Jeremiah O ZablonSchool of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA. jeremiah_zablon@brown.edu.
Varun GoelDepartment of Geography, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
David GiesbrechtDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Lenson KariukiDivision of National Malaria Programme, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya.
Charles MbogoCenter for Geographic Medicine Research, Coast, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kilifi, Kenya.
William C GoedelSchool of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Jeffrey A Bailey *Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Damaris Matoke-Muhia *Centre for Biotechnology Research and Development, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.

Funding

Kenya Medical Research Institute KEMRI/IRG/001/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMalaria is a major public health problem, with over half of the world's population, primarily in sub-Saharan Africa, at risk. Climate change is already affecting the prevalence of malaria, in part by altering the distribution and density of mosquito vectors. This study assessed the relationship between climate variables and mosquito species distribution on malaria prevalence in Kenya from January 2019 to June 2021.

methodsData from 23 Kenyan counties were analyzed using mixed-effect regression, spatial analysis, correlation analysis, and the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) to select variables.

resultsMalaria prevalence was highest in the Lake Endemic (19%), followed by the Coastal Endemic (5%), semi-arid seasonal (2%), and low-risk (0.9%) malaria epidemiologic zones in 2020. Mosquito species distribution varied, with distinct ecological preferences observed with Anopheles gambiae dominated coastal and semi-arid areas, while Anopheles funestus was highest in the highland and lake zones. Regression analysis indicated that a combination of environmental factors and public health interventions, including insecticide-treated nets (ITN) coverage, was an important predictor of malaria prevalence. However, the relationship between these factors and malaria prevalence varied across regions and time periods.

conclusionThis study provides insights into the spatial dynamics of mosquito species and their distribution in relation to malaria epidemiological zones in Kenya, thereby informing targeted control strategies.

Indexed as

Animal DistributionAnophelesBiodiversityClimateMalariaMosquito VectorsAnimalsClimate ChangeHumansKenyaPrevalenceAnopheles arabiensisAnopheles coluzziiAnopheles funestusAnopheles gambiaeAnopheles mouchetiAnopheles niliClimate factorMalaria

Identifiers

PMID41491483
PMCPMC12870289

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.