Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41490323›Full record

ArticleEpidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)2026

An Improved Pooled Logistic Regression Implementation.

Paul N Zivich, Mark Klose, Justin B DeMonte, Bonnie E Shook-Sa, Stephen R Cole, Jessie K Edwards

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Paul N ZivichFrom the Department of Epidemiology, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC.ORCID 0000-0002-9932-1095
Mark KloseFrom the Department of Epidemiology, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC.
Justin B DeMonteDepartment of Biostatistics, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC.
Bonnie E Shook-SaDepartment of Biostatistics, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC.
Stephen R ColeFrom the Department of Epidemiology, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC.
Jessie K EdwardsFrom the Department of Epidemiology, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC.

Funding

Virology, Immunology, and Microbiology CoreP30AI050410 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI DAVID M. MARGOLIS · 2001 to 2026
$76.9M
Statistical Methods in HIV Vaccine Efficacy TrialsR37AI054165 · NIAID · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI Peter B. Gilbert · 2010 to 2026
$6.7M
Improved analysis of experiments and observational studies in HIVR01AI157758 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI Stephen R Cole, Jessie Edwards · 2020 to 2026
$5.0M
Combining sources of information to improve HIV pre-exposure prophylaxisK01AI177102 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI Paul Nicholas Zivich · 2023 to 2026
$545k
Generalizing Effects of Infectious Disease Prevention Interventions in the Presence of InterferenceK01AI182506 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI SHOOK-SA, BONNIE E · 2024 to 2025
$340k
NIAID NIH HHS K01 AI177102NIAID NIH HHS K01 AI182506NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI050410NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI157758NIAID NIH HHS R37 AI054165
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPooled logistic regression is a popular tool for survival analyses in epidemiology, but can face computational challenges. Commonly, these challenges are addressed through widening time intervals or using a parametric functional form for time. We propose a third option to reduce the computational burden without constraining the functional form for time.

methodsThe proposed algorithm operates by restricting the long data set to rows that correspond to unique event times. However, our approach is only compatible when modeling time most flexibly with disjoint indicators. We compared the standard implementation to the proposed implementation in SAS, R, and Python using a publicly available data set.

resultsFor the example considered, both implementations provided the same point estimates, but the proposed implementation was between 6 and 68 times faster depending on the software.

conclusionsThe proposed implementation can greatly simplify estimation of pooled logistic regression models, which is especially important when relying on the bootstrap for inference.

Indexed as

AlgorithmsHumansLogistic ModelsSoftwareSurvival AnalysisG-computationRegressionSurvival analysisTime-to-event

Identifiers

PMID41490323
PMCPMC12778973

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.