Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41489777›Full record

Trial reportEuropean journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics2026

A Phase 1, Open-Label, Single Ascending Dose Study to Evaluate the Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Tolerability of ES-481 After Oral Administration in Healthy Volunteers.

Robert Niecestro, Emma C Foster, Lyn Millist, Jack Germaine, Aaron Niecestro, Terence J O'Brien

Abstract readClinical Trial, Phase IRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Trial
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Robert NiecestroES-Therapeutics, New York, NY, USA. rniecestro@estherapeutics.com.
Emma C FosterDepartment of Neuroscience, The School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
Lyn MillistDepartment of Neuroscience, The School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
Jack GermaineDepartment of Neuroscience, The School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
Aaron NiecestroES-Therapeutics, New York, NY, USA.
Terence J O'BrienDepartment of Neuroscience, The School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectivesES-481 is a potent and selective antagonist of the transmembrane alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4 isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor regulatory protein (TARP)-y8-dependent AMPA receptor being developed for the treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). The objective of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics and tolerability of ES-481 in humans.

methodsThis study was a Phase 1, first-in-human, single-center, open-label, randomized, sentinel design, ascending dose study of ES-481 to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and tolerability of ES-481 in healthy subjects, with single oral doses ranging from 3 mg to 100 mg. There were 10 dosing cohorts, each comprised of 8 subjects. Within each cohort, 6 subjects were randomized to treatment with ES-481 and 2 subjects were randomized to placebo. In all dosing cohorts, a sentinel pair was dosed first, where 1 subject received ES-481 and 1 subject received a placebo. The sentinel subjects were observed for a minimum of 24 h. If no safety concerns were identified after 24 h, then the remaining 6 subjects in each dosing cohort were administered the investigational product (5 subjects administered ES-481 and 1 subject administered a placebo). In one cohort, only 5 subjects were treated with ES-481. A total of 79 subjects were administered the investigational product (ES-481 or placebo) instead of 80. Blood samples were obtained from each subject up to 48<h post-dose. Following quantification of the concentration of ES-481, pharmacokinetic parameters were derived from plasma concentration-time data using a noncompartmental model.

resultsAn approximately proportional increase in AUC parameters and C

conclusionsES-481 doses up to 100 mg were found to be safe and well tolerated. There were no safety findings in this study of concern, and all of the adverse events related to the administration of ES-481 were mild and transient This study describes the pharmacokinetic parameters of ES-481 for the proposed efficacious dose range of 75-100 mg/day of ES-481 for the treatment of DRE.

Indexed as

AnticonvulsantsPiperazinesAdministration, OralAdultArea Under CurveDose-Response Relationship, DrugFemaleHealthy VolunteersHumansMaleMiddle AgedReceptors, AMPAYoung AdultAnticonvulsantsPiperazinesReceptors, AMPA

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.