Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41489678›Full record

ArticleHead and neck pathology2026

Barnaculate Carcinoma in Four Patients: Verrucoid Squamous Cell Carcinoma Subtype with TERT and HRAS Oncogenic Variants.

Yu Liang, Michelle Afkhami, Lester D R Thompson, Hanlin Gao, Ellie G Maghami, Massimo D'Apuzzo, Sue Chang, Diana Bell, Mihan Telatar, Thomas J Gernon and 1 more

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In one paragraph

Article in Head and neck pathology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Yu Liang *Department of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA, USA.
Michelle Afkhami *Department of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA, USA.
Lester D R ThompsonHead and Neck Pathology Consultations, Woodland Hills, CA, USA.
Hanlin GaoFulgent Genetics, El Monte, CA, USA.
Ellie G MaghamiDepartment of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
Massimo D'ApuzzoDepartment of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA, USA.
Sue ChangDepartment of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA, USA.
Diana BellDepartment of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA, USA.
Mihan TelatarDepartment of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA, USA.
Thomas J GernonDepartment of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
Huiqing WuDepartment of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA, USA. HWu@coh.org.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the oral cavity often has limited pleomorphism. Commonly seen in patients with proliferative verrucous leukoplakia, barnaculate carcinoma (BC) is a newly recognized, distinct subtype of well-differentiated SCC which presents with obvious architecture abnormalities but lacks significant pleomorphism. As such, reaching this diagnosis can be extremely challenging. In this study, molecular analysis of six BC specimens from four different patients demonstrated recurrent alterations in telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter region and Harvey rat sarcoma virus (HRAS) gene. The identification of these oncogenic variants may be a useful adjunct to reaching the diagnosis.

Indexed as

Carcinoma, Squamous CellMouth NeoplasmsProto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and NeckTelomeraseHumansHRAS protein, humanProto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)TelomeraseTERT protein, humanBarnaculate carcinomaHRAS mutation/oncogenic variantProliferative verrucous leukoplakiaSquamous cell carcinomaTERT promoter mutation/oncogenic variant

Identifiers

PMID41489678
PMCPMC12770093

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.