Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41489657›Full record

ReviewCurrent microbiology2026

Leptospira and Leptospirosis: A Review of Species Classifications, Genomes, Morphological Structures, Antimicrobial Resistances, Transmissions, and Clinical Manifestations.

Lesley Maurice Bilung, Ahmad Syatir Tahar, Chai Fung Pui, Muhammad Khairil Syamri Bakeri, Lela Su'ut, Romano Ngui, Rosdi Kira, Kasing Apun

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Current microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Genetic Diversity ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  4. Draft genome sequence ofMicrobiology resource announcements · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. A systematic review and meta-analysis ofOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026
    Review
  7. Neuroimmune cross-talk inFrontiers in immunology · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Lesley Maurice BilungResource Biotechnology Program, Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia. mblesley@unimas.my.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5653-0463
Ahmad Syatir TaharDepartment of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia.
Chai Fung PuiCentre for Pre-University Studies, UCSI University Sarawak Campus, Kuching, Sarawak, 93450, Malaysia.
Muhammad Khairil Syamri BakeriResource Biotechnology Program, Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia.
Lela Su'utDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia.
Romano NguiDepartment of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia.
Rosdi KiraResource Biotechnology Program, Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia.
Kasing ApunResource Biotechnology Program, Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Leptospirosis, also known as "rat-urine disease", is a neglected zoonotic and waterborne disease that is caused by Leptospira spp. This disease is transmitted by direct and indirect exposure to the urine and stool of infected animals. The current estimate has highlighted that leptospirosis has caused at least one million cases and 60,000 deaths, with high endemicity in tropical regions. With climate change, urbanisation, and increasing human-animal interaction, the threat of leptospirosis and other zoonotic diseases will continue to emerge. Investing in multidisciplinary research, technology, and global collaboration is critical to anticipate, detect, and respond effectively to these evolving threats.

Indexed as

LeptospiraLeptospirosisAnimalsAnti-Bacterial AgentsDrug Resistance, BacterialGenome, BacterialHumansZoonosesAnti-Bacterial Agents

Identifiers

PMID41489657
PMCPMC12769562

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.