ArticleMicrobiology spectrum2026
Variation in microbiome and metabolites is associated with advantageous effects of cholestyramine on primary biliary cholangitis with pruritus.
Article in Microbiology spectrum, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Emerging evidence implicates bile acid-intestinal microbiota interactions in the pathogenesis of pruritus associated with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). Cholestyramine, a bile acid sequestrant, is clinically recommended for pruritus alleviation. This study investigates its regulatory effects on gut microbiome composition and metabolite profiles. A prospective cohort of 54 pruritic PBC patients and 25 asymptomatic controls underwent longitudinal multi-omics profiling. Fecal 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics were performed pre-/post-4-week cholestyramine intervention (4 g twice daily). Serum autotaxin, as a biomarker for pruritus assessment, and liver function tests were completed simultaneously. Four important findings were listed as follows. (i) Pruritus phenotype characteristics: Pruritic patients exhibited elevated cholestasis indices (total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase [ALP], and gamma-glutamyl transferase), higher ATX levels, and increased Gp210 antibody positivity compared to controls (all
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