ReviewImmunoTargets and therapy2025
Precision Medicine in Asthma: The Role of Biomarkers.
Review in ImmunoTargets and therapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Different Inflammatory Phenotypes and Immune Endotypes Drive Disease Heterogeneity in Asthma and COPD.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Circulating Interleukin-17 Across Airway Disease Phenotypes: A Single-Center Observational Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Galectin-10 and Charcot-Leyden Crystals in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps: Pathogenetic Insights and Clinical Implications.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Association Between Serum Leptin Concentrations and Disease Severity Across Airway Disease Phenotypes: A Single-Center Retrospective Observational Study.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Current Clinical Perspectives of Biomarkers in Respiratory Diseases: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Corticosteroids in asthma and COPD: an inflammopharmacological perspective on molecular and genetic determinants.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Emerging Targeted Therapies in Asthma: From Upstream Epithelial Biology to Novel Biologic and Small-Molecule Strategies.Tuberculosis and respiratory diseases · 2026Review
- Identification of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related biomarkers in asthma and asthma exacerbation.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- The airway epithelial-immune axis: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Precision identification and targeted therapy for neutrophilic asthma: from molecular mechanisms to clinical translation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Integrated pro-resolving mechanisms: a new dimension for optimizing anti-inflammatory therapy in asthma - a review of impaired inflammation resolution in airway remodeling.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Asthma represents a profoundly heterogeneous syndrome underpinned by multiple, distinct and overlapping immunopathological mechanisms. Nevertheless, prevailing management algorithms continue to adopt a largely uniform, stepwise approach in which pharmacotherapy is intensified only after clinical deterioration or recurrent exacerbations. Although the advent of targeted biologic agents has improved outcomes in severe asthma, the realisation of precision medicine - therapeutic selection directed by individual disease mechanisms - remains elusive. This is primarily attributable to the limited availability of validated biomarkers capable of defining endotypes and accurately predicting therapeutic responsiveness. Existing indicators of type-2 (T2) inflammation, including blood eosinophil counts, fractional exhaled nitric oxide, and serum Immunoglobulin E, provide only partial discrimination between T2 subtypes and are insufficient to guide the choice of specific T2-targeted biologics. Furthermore, robust non-T2 biomarkers are notably lacking. This review provides a critical appraisal of current biomarker paradigms and examines emerging molecular and cellular candidates with potential to enable precise endotyping. Integration of such biomarkers into early disease assessment offers the prospect of delivering truly individualised therapy, ensuring that appropriate treatment is instituted for the right patient at the optimal time.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.