ArticleBrain & spine2026
Comparative analysis of the pedicle screw accuracy, screw revision and loosening rate and radiation exposure of robotic-guided (RG), intraoperative computed tomography (iCT)-navigation guided, and fluoroscopy guided placement technique.
Article in Brain & spine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
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5 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: This retrospective single-center study aimed to compare the accuracy and revision rates of pedicle screw (PS) placement using robot-guided (RG), intraoperative CT-navigated (iCT-nav), and fluoroscopy-guided (FG) techniques. Additionally, screw loosening and overall revision rates were assessed across all three methods. Methods: Data from 237 consecutive patients who underwent PS placement using iCT-nav, FG, or RG were analyzed. Each PS was evaluated in intraoperative or postoperative CT and classified using the Gertzbein-Robbins Scale (GRS). Follow-up CT to assess fusion and screw loosening was performed at a median of 8 months (IQR = 5-17). Results: A total of 1352 PS were placed: 444 with RG, 667 with FG, and 241 with iCT-nav. RG showed the highest rate of GRS A screws (91.7 %) compared to iCT-nav (86.2 %) and FG (80.5 %). The iCT-nav group had the lowest revision rate due to loosening (p < 0.001), while the FG group showed the highest revision rates due to misplacement (p < 0.001) and loosening (p = 0.001). Radiation exposure (effective dose, ED) was significantly lower in the iCT group compared to the FG group. Conclusion: RG PS placement demonstrates superior accuracy compared to iCT-nav and FG. Furthermore, intraoperative CT imaging significantly reduces total radiation exposure for patients.
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