ArticleJournal of pain research2025
Differential Effects of Cycling Exercise on Pain Types in Patients with Early Parkinson's Disease: A Subgroup Analysis of a Randomized Pilot Trial.
Article in Journal of pain research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Pain in Parkinson's disease (PD) is common and arises from both central and peripheral mechanisms, manifesting as distinct subtypes. While physical exercise is considered one of the nonpharmacological treatments for managing pain in PD, it remains unknown how the effects of exercise differ depending on the type of pain. Objective: To explore the differential effects of cycling exercise on various pain subtypes in patients with early PD. Methods: In the randomized controlled pilot trial, 22 participants with early PD were initially assigned to the cycling exercise group and 11 to the control group. This exploratory subgroup analysis included 25 patients after applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria, comprising 16 cycling exercise participants and 9 controls. The exercise intervention consisted of 40-60 minutes of cycling, three sessions weekly, for 24 weeks. Pain subtypes were assessed using the King's PD Pain Scale. Changes in pain severity and newly developed pain were analyzed descriptively. Results: After 24 weeks, a greater proportion of participants in the cycling group showed improvement in fluctuation-related, nocturnal, and orofacial pain compared with controls. However, musculoskeletal pain newly developed in 40% of cycling participants, compared to 20% in the control group. For other pain subtypes, both groups showed similar patterns in pain severity changes and newly developed pain. Conclusion: Cycling exercise may alleviate fluctuation-related, nocturnal, and orofacial pain in PD but may also increase the risk of musculoskeletal pain in some cases. These observations warrant further large-scale investigations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.