Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41486966›Full record

ArticleJournal of adolescence2026

Facilitators and Barriers of Adolescent Self-Disclosure Across Different Confidants: A Multi-Informant Mixed Methods Study.

Marie-Louise J Kullberg, Loes Keijsers, Bernet Elzinga, Loes H C Janssen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of adolescence, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Marie-Louise J KullbergDepartment of Clinical Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-0660-5505
Loes KeijsersDepartment of Psychology, Education, and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Bernet ElzingaDepartment of Clinical Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Loes H C JanssenDepartment of Clinical Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-3543-6026

Funding

de Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO)
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionAdolescent self-disclosure is essential for relationship building, receiving support and mental well-being. However, little is known about whom adolescents confide in and what factors facilitate or hinder this process.

methodIn this mixed methods multi-informant study, twelve Dutch adolescents (M

resultsQuantitative results show that adolescents disclosed most to caregivers (especially mothers) and least to familiar adults, such as teachers. Semistructured interviews with adolescents and their parents were analyzed using inductive reflexive thematic analysis. Warm relationships and concrete opportunities to talk facilitated self-disclosure. Barriers included emotional distance and privacy concerns. Parents reported dilemmas between initiating conversations with their child and allowing space.

conclusionAdolescents appear to be willing to share distressing topics, but familiar adults may need to take a more active role in fostering disclosure by making time, creating an inviting atmosphere, and initiating conversations.

Indexed as

Interpersonal RelationsParentsSelf DisclosureAdolescentAdultFemaleHumansInterviews as TopicMaleNetherlandsParent-Child Relationsadolescentsmixed methodsparentspeersself‐disclosuretrusted adults

Identifiers

PMID41486966
PMCPMC13044866

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.