ArticleAnnals of coloproctology2025
New anatomical insight into the muscular structure of the anal canal: revealing Treitz muscle as a directional shift of the internal anal sphincter.
Article in Annals of coloproctology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Histological architecture of the intersphincteric region of the anal canal: implications for the anatomical basis of anal fistula pathways.International journal of colorectal disease · 2026Article
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7 authors.
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Abstract
purposeUnderstanding the muscular structure of the anal canal is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of anorectal diseases. Treitz muscle is a vital yet poorly understood component. It supports the anal venous plexus and contributes to anal cushion formation. However, its anatomical details remain unclear, and various theories suggest different origins for its muscle bundles, which affects our understanding of the pathophysiology of hemorrhoids. In this study, we sought to clarify the origin and localization of Treitz muscle to provide an anatomical foundation for understanding anal function.
methodsIn this descriptive cadaveric study of 11 cadavers, we performed macroscopic examinations and immunohistological analyses on tissues from the anterior, lateral, and posterior walls of the anal canal. The origin and localization of Treitz muscle were qualitatively evaluated.
resultsTreitz muscle is a smooth muscle formed by a directional change in the muscle bundles of the internal anal sphincter, running longitudinally along its surface. A shift in the direction of muscle bundles originating from the internal anal sphincter, giving rise to Treitz muscle, was frequently observed in the anterolateral wall of the anal canal.
conclusionIn summary, Treitz muscle, a smooth muscle extending from the internal anal sphincter, is considered part of the muscularis propria. Its directional shift was localized to the anterolateral wall, indicating that Treitz muscle is not uniformly distributed around the anal canal. This site-specific localization may influence the risk of hemorrhoids or cancer invasion depending on its anatomical position.
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