Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41485113›Full record

ArticleThe Veterinary record2026

Prevalence of hip and elbow dysplasia in young adult dogs in Sweden.

Karolina Engdahl, Sofia Malm Persson, Linda Andersson, Sara Ringmark, Charlotte Reinhard Bjørnvad, Åke Hedhammar, Katja Höglund

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Veterinary record, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Karolina EngdahlDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2800-9990
Sofia Malm PerssonDepartment for Breeding and Health, Swedish Kennel Club, Sollentuna, Sweden.
Linda AnderssonDepartment of Animal Biosciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
Sara RingmarkDepartment of Animal Biosciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
Charlotte Reinhard BjørnvadDepartment of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
Åke HedhammarDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
Katja HöglundDepartment of Animal Biosciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7486-0420

Funding

The Agria and Swedish Kennel Club's Research Foundation N2015-0045The Swedish Research Council Formas 2020-01146
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHip and elbow dysplasia (HD and ED) are common developmental orthopaedic disorders in dogs. The study objectives were to report population-based estimates of HD and ED prevalence at screening in young adult dogs of different breeds and to evaluate the phenotypic association between HD and ED.

methodsData for dogs screened for HD and ED between 2007 and 2016 were obtained from the Swedish Kennel Club. HD and ED were graded according to the Fédération Cynologique Internationale and International Elbow Working Group, respectively.

resultsThis study included 114,568 dogs from 72 breeds screened for HD and 78,504 dogs from 46 breeds screened for ED. The prevalence of HD was highest in the Dogue de Bordeaux (75.4%), Bullmastiff (65.1%) and American Staffordshire Terrier (64.2%) while the prevalence of ED was highest in the Chow Chow (65.2%), Dogue de Bordeaux (40.0%) and American Staffordshire Terrier (34.9%). A worse HD grade co-occurred with a worse ED grade (p < 0.001), and the co-occurrence was breed dependent. LIMITATIONS: Severe cases of dysplasia may be underrepresented as dogs with clinical signs of HD and ED at a young age might not be screened.

conclusionPopulation-based prevalence estimates of HD and ED were reported. Large breed-related differences were found, and worse HD and ED co-occurred.

Indexed as

Dog DiseasesForelimbHip Dysplasia, CanineAnimalsDogsFemaleMalePrevalenceSweden

Identifiers

PMID41485113
PMCPMC13261803

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.