ArticleBMC neurology2026
Prominent urinary dysfunction and delayed antibody detection in patients with glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy: a case series analysis.
Article in BMC neurology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundGlial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy (GFAP-A) is a rare central nervous system (CNS) autoimmune disorder with highly heterogeneous presentations. This study aims to describe the clinical and diagnostic features in a Chinese case series.
methodsSix patients at a single tertiary center with positive GFAP antibody were included, the patients' data were retrospectively analyzed.
resultsThe cohort included 3 males and 3 females, with a median age of 56 years (range 30-75). Prominent urinary dysfunction was observed in four patients (66.7%). Brain or spinal cord MRI abnormalities were present in only 50% (3/6) of patients. All patients exhibited CSF-specific oligoclonal bands and elevated indices of intrathecal IgG synthesis. A notable finding was the delayed detection of CSF GFAP antibody in five patients (83.3%), who tested negative at disease onset but turned positive upon follow-up testing weeks to months later.
conclusionThis case series underscores the high frequency of autonomic urinary dysfunction and the potential for delayed antibody detection in Chinese GFAP-A patients. These findings suggest that clinical suspicion should remain high even with initial negative antibody testing, warranting repeat CSF analysis in suspected cases to avoid diagnostic delay.
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