ArticleBMC musculoskeletal disorders2026
Imaging characteristics and clinical management of intraosseous hemangioma in tubular bones: a retrospective case series.
Article in BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesIntraosseous hemangioma (IH) is a rare benign vascular tumor of bone, infrequently observed in tubular bones. The imaging characteristics of IH in these locations remain poorly defined. This study aimed to characterize the imaging features and clinical management of IH in tubular bones.
methodsThis retrospective analysis reviewed the imaging and clinical data of 10 patients with histopathologically confirmed IH of tubular bones.
resultsOf the 10 patients, seven were female (70%) and three were male (30%), with ages ranging from 10 to 75 years (mean ± SD, 40.1 ± 22.8 years). Nine patients (90%) presented with localized pain and swelling. Radiographic findings included six purely osteolytic lesions (60%), three with a soap-bubble appearance (30%), and one lesion (10%) was heavily calcified with a lobulated morphology. Among intramedullary cases, three showed cortical destruction, two had pathological fractures. Two lesions (20%) were confined to the cortex, demonstrated cortical thickening, sclerosis, and internal lytic changes. MRI revealed iso- or hypointense on T1WI and hyperintense on T2WI/STIR in three patients (30%). One patient (10%) displayed patchy hyperintensity on both T1WI and T2WI, with partial hypointensity on T2-STIR. Flow voids corresponding to low-signal blood vessels were seen in four patients (40%), while one (10%) exhibited a hypervascular lesion. Among the four patients who underwent contrast-enhanced CT or MRI, all marked heterogeneous enhancement. Nine patients (90%) were treated with curettage of the lesion, while one patient (10%) underwent complete lesion excision. In one hypervascular case, preoperative DSA embolization was performed.
conclusionIntraosseous hemangioma of tubular bones predominantly present as osteolytic lesions with characteristic soap-bubble morphology on radiographs. Recognition of intralesional vascular structures is critical for diagnosis. Imaging modalities, particularly CT and MRI, enable precise lesion characterization and assist in surgical planning. In hypervascular cases, preoperative embolization guided by vascular imaging can effectively minimize intraoperative bleeding risk.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.