ArticleAntonie van Leeuwenhoek2026
Cold stress reshapes gut microbiota and antibiotic resistance in ornamental fish (Cyprinus carpio).
Article in Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Antimicrobial overuse in ornamental fish farming drives antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) proliferation, posing public health risks. However, the effects of cold stress on gut microbiota and ARGs in ornamental fish remain poorly understood. Here, we used 16S rRNA gene sequencing and high-throughput quantitative PCR techniques to clarify the difference of gut microbes and ARGs in Cyprinus carpio exposed to temperatures of 4 °C and 25 °C. Tetracycline and sulfonamide resistance genes dominated carp intestinal ARGs at both 4 °C and 25 °C. Five high-risk ARGs (aadA-01, aadA-02, floR, dfrA1, tetM-02) were identified in carp intestine, though cold stress did not significantly alter their relative abundance. Notably, cold stress reduced the relative abundance of mobile genetic elements (intI-1(clinic)), suggesting that low temperature may reduce the potential of horizontal transfer of ARGs. Two gut microbial phyla (Actinobacteria and Planctomycetes) remarkably increased as temperature decreased. Temperature significantly reduced microbial diversity (P < 0.001) and restructured community composition (R
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