Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41482713›Full record

ArticleDNA research : an international journal for rapid publication of reports on genes and genomes2026

Giant linear plasmids in Mycobacterium avium harbour a tRNA array unit.

Hirokazu Yano, Kentaro Arikawa, Haruo Ikeda, Shouta Nonoyama, Fumito Maruyama, Seigo Kitada, Hiroshi Kida, Manabu Ato, Tomotada Iwamoto, Yukiko Nishiuchi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in DNA research : an international journal for rapid publication of reports on genes and genomes, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Giant linear plasmids in Mycobacterium avium harbour a tRNA array unit.DNA research : an international journal for rapid publication of reports on genes and genomes · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Hirokazu YanoGraduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-5144-3459
Kentaro ArikawaKobe Institute of Health, Kobe 650-0046, Japan.
Haruo IkedaTechnology Research Association for Next Generation Natural Products Chemistry, Tokyo 135-8073, Japan.
Shouta NonoyamaGraduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.ORCID 0009-0005-7248-4854
Fumito MaruyamaCenter for Planetary Health and Innovation Science, the IDEC Institute, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima 739-8530, Japan.ORCID 0000-0003-2347-616X
Seigo KitadaNational Hospital Organization Osaka Toneyama Medical Center, Toyonaka 560-8552, Japan.
Hiroshi KidaNational Hospital Organization Osaka Toneyama Medical Center, Toyonaka 560-8552, Japan.
Manabu AtoLeprosy Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security, Higashimurayama 189-0002, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-3178-2645
Tomotada IwamotoKobe Institute of Health, Kobe 650-0046, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-2650-0308
Yukiko NishiuchiCenter for Planetary Health and Innovation Science, the IDEC Institute, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima 739-8530, Japan.

Funding

Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development JP18fk0108043Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development JP19fk0108043Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development JP25fk0108673h0003Japan Society for the Promotion of Science JP18K06357Japan Society for the Promotion of Science JP21H02093Japan Society for the Promotion of Science JP24K02093
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Nontuberculous mycobacteria occasionally harbour clustered tRNA genes, referred to as a tRNA array unit, which is considered a putative antidefense system within their genomes. However, the precise genomic location of these tRNA array units remains unclear. To address this, we sequenced the complete genomes of 5 Mycobacterium avium strains carrying a tRNA array unit using a hybrid assembly of long and short reads followed by manual curation. The assemblies indicated that each strain harbours 3 to 5 extrachromosomal elements. In all genomes, the tRNA array unit was found on a linear contig exceeding 300 kb. Pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and sodium dodecyl sulphate-PFGE revealed that the strains harbour linear plasmids corresponding to these large contigs with protein-capped termini. These linear plasmids encode a hybrid type VII/type IV secretion system but lack relaxase genes, which are typically present in mycobacterial circular plasmids. Additionally, they contain approximately 415 bp inverted repeats at the termini. Sequences of related plasmids were identified exclusively in the genomes of M. avium isolates from Japan available in public databases, suggesting a possible Asian origin. This study provides the first experimental evidence that M. avium harbours giant invertron-type linear plasmids carrying a tRNA array unit.

Indexed as

Mycobacterium aviumPlasmidsRNA, TransferGenome, BacterialRNA, Transferinvertronlinear plasmidMycobacterium avium complexnontuberculous mycobacteriaT7SS

Identifiers

PMID41482713
PMCPMC12803027

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.