ArticleJournal of cosmetic dermatology2026
Pro-Inflammatory Signaling in Dermal Fibroblasts: A Possible Role of Different Botulinum Toxin Formulations on IL-6 Expression.
Article in Journal of cosmetic dermatology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- IL-1β-induced inflammatory stress modulates mitochondrial and metabolic gene expression in dermal fibroblasts.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Botulinum Toxin in Treating Post-Acne Sequelae: A Critical Review.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2026Review
- Pro-Inflammatory Signaling in Dermal Fibroblasts: A Possible Role of Different Botulinum Toxin Formulations on IL-6 Expression.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBotulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) formulations are extensively employed in aesthetic and therapeutic dermatology. However, their immunomodulatory and pro-inflammatory properties remain incompletely characterized, particularly concerning dermal fibroblasts.
aimsThis study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of three commercially available BoNT-A formulations-Bocouture, Vistabex, and Azzalure-on the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6), a key pro-inflammatory cytokine, in cultured adult human dermal fibroblasts. PATIENTS/
methodsHuman dermal fibroblasts were cultured in vitro and treated with increasing concentrations of Bocouture, Vistabex, and Azzalure. IL-6 expression was measured at 24, 48, and 72 h posttreatment using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay to exclude cytotoxic effects. Each condition was tested in triplicate. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni's multiple comparisons posttest.
resultsVistabex significantly increased IL-6 expression at multiple time points, with the most marked elevation observed at 0.5 U/mL after 24 h (p ≤ 0.0001). Conversely, Bocouture and Azzalure did not induce significant changes in IL-6 levels across all tested concentrations and time intervals. No formulation reduced fibroblast viability below 80%, confirming the absence of relevant cytotoxicity.
conclusionsThese findings suggest a formulation-specific inflammatory response to BoNT-A in dermal fibroblasts, with Vistabex eliciting a notable upregulation of IL-6. The observed differences may be attributed to distinct structural or excipient-related properties and warrant further investigation to clarify their clinical implications, especially in patients with a predisposition to inflammatory skin responses.
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Registered trials
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