Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41482541›Full record

ArticleNature biotechnology2026

Sensitive and unbiased genome-wide profiling of base-editor-induced off-target activity using CHANGE-seq-BE.

Cicera R Lazzarotto, Varun Katta, Yichao Li, Garret Manquen, Rachael K Wood, Jacqueline Chyr, Elizabeth Urbina, Azusa Matsubara, GaHyun Lee, Xiaolin Wu and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature biotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Pharmacological readthrough and base editing forMolecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Precision modification of heart failure signaling by CRISPR-Cas9 base editing.Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology · 2026
    Review
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
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  14. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Cicera R Lazzarotto *Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1093-0175
Varun Katta *Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4565-7335
Yichao LiDepartment of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5791-096X
Garret ManquenDepartment of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-2131-1874
Rachael K WoodDepartment of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
Jacqueline ChyrDepartment of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
Elizabeth UrbinaDepartment of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-7403-1104
Azusa MatsubaraDepartment of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
GaHyun LeeDepartment of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
Xiaolin WuCancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory of Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6432-1300
Suk See De RavinGenetic Immunotherapy Section, LCIM, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9800-774X
Shengdar Q TsaiDepartment of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. shengdar.tsai@stjude.org.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9161-3993

Funding

Novel therapeutic gene editing to induce fetal hemoglobin for sickle cell diseaseU01HL163983 · NHLBI · ST. JUDE CHILDREN'S RESEARCH HOSPITAL · PI Akshay Sharma, Shengdar Tsai · 2023 to 2026
$4.9M
PedGeneRx - Admin Supplement to Base Editing and Prime Editing for Sickle Cell Disease R01R01HL156647 · NHLBI · ST. JUDE CHILDREN'S RESEARCH HOSPITAL · PI Agnieszka Czechowicz, DAVID R LIU · 2021 to 2026
$4.8M
Sensitive, unbiased, high-throughput, cellular GUIDE-seq-2 genome-wide activity assay for therapeutic genome editing INDsU01AI176470 · NIAID · ST. JUDE CHILDREN'S RESEARCH HOSPITAL · PI TSAI, SHENGDAR · 2023 to 2025
$1.4M
Ultra-sensitive, unbiased, high-throughput, biochemical CHANGE-seq genome-wide activity and gRNA sequencing assays for therapeutic genome editing INDsU01AI176471 · NIAID · ST. JUDE CHILDREN'S RESEARCH HOSPITAL · PI TSAI, SHENGDAR · 2023 to 2025
$1.4M
Doris Duke Charitable Foundation (DDCF) 2020154NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL156647NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL163983NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI176470NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI176471U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) U01HL163983U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) U01AI176470U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) U01AI176471
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Detection of the off-target effects of base editors is important for identifying their safety risks but current methods for understanding their global activities have limitations in terms of sensitivity or bias by computationally selecting a subset of sites for experimental analysis. We present CHANGE-seq-BE, a method to assess the guide RNA-dependent off-target profile of both adenine and cytosine base editors that is simultaneously sensitive and unbiased. CHANGE-seq-BE relies on selective sequencing of base-editor-modified genomic DNA in vitro and provides comprehensive identification of genome-wide off-target mutations. We found that 98.8% of validated off-target sites were unique to ABE8e adenine base editors compared to Cas9 nuclease, suggesting substantially higher off-target activity of the former. We further applied CHANGE-seq-BE to support genotoxicity studies in an emergency investigational new drug application for customized adenine base editor treatment for a person with CD40L-deficient X-linked hyper IgM syndrome. Our results emphasize the importance of using a base-editor-specific method for identifying off-target activity.

Identifiers

PMID41482541
PMCPMC13479990

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.