Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41481727›Full record

ArticleScience advances2026

STING/type I interferon pathway is required for antigen-containing PLGA nanoparticle- and apoptotic cell-induced CD4+ T cell tolerance.

Joseph R Podojil, Andrew C Cogswell, Tobias Neef, Ming-Yi Chiang, Sara A Beddow, Gabriel Arellano, Sandeep Kakade, Derrick P McCarthy, Adam Elhofy, Chris T Harp and 5 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Joseph R PodojilDepartment of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5818-8515
Andrew C CogswellDepartment of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6951-6713
Tobias NeefDepartment of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.ORCID 0009-0001-2309-3911
Ming-Yi ChiangDepartment of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
Sara A BeddowDepartment of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
Gabriel ArellanoDepartment of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0656-5518
Sandeep KakadeCour Pharmaceutical Development Company, Skokie, IL, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6619-0386
Derrick P McCarthyDepartment of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.ORCID 0009-0002-7756-0025
Adam ElhofyCour Pharmaceutical Development Company, Skokie, IL, USA.
Chris T HarpDepartment of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7000-8743
Mairah KhanUrology Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
Joshua J MeeksUrology Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5444-5510
Dan XuDepartment of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
Lonnie D SheaDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9296-9673
Stephen D MillerDepartment of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9556-0718

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Autoreactive CD4

Indexed as

AntigensCD4-Positive T-LymphocytescGAS-STING Signaling PathwayEncephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, ExperimentalImmune ToleranceInterferon Type IAnimalsApoptosisDendritic CellsFemaleImmunotherapy, AdoptiveMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, TransgenicNanoparticlesPhagocytosisAntigensInterferon Type IPolylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid CopolymerReceptor, Interferon alpha-betaReceptors, Antigen, T-Cell

Identifiers

PMID41481727
PMCPMC12758558

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.