Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41480738›Full record

ArticleSoft matter2026

A technique to create hydrogels with tethered concentration gradients of molecules

Thomas C O'Shea, Ahmad Salem, Kelly M Schultz

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Soft matter, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Thomas C O'SheaPurdue University, Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. kmschultz@purdue.edu.
Ahmad SalemLehigh University, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 124 East Morton Street, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA.
Kelly M SchultzPurdue University, Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. kmschultz@purdue.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9040-126X

Funding

Characterizing the feedback loop between cells and the pericellular region during cell-material interactionsR35GM147043 · NIGMS · PURDUE UNIVERSITY · PI Kelly M Schultz · 2022 to 2026
$2.0M
Understanding how MSCs controllably remodel their environmentR15GM119065 · NIGMS · LEHIGH UNIVERSITY · PI SCHULTZ, KELLY M · 2016 to 2019
$895k
NIGMS NIH HHS R15 GM119065NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM147043
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This work develops a technique to create and quantify tethered molecular concentration gradients in a hydrogel using a flow chamber. This device is designed to enable isotropic scaffold swelling, nutrient diffusion and real-time microrheological measurements. A hydrogel is first photopolymerized in the flow chamber ensuring that the mechanical properties of the hydrogel across samples are the same prior to molecular concentration gradient creation. Then molecules are passively diffused into the scaffold and a second photopolymerization tethers the concentration gradient into the material. This technique creates

Indexed as

HydrogelsNorbornanesPolyethylene GlycolsRheologyHydrogelsNorbornanesPolyethylene Glycols

Identifiers

PMID41480738
PMCPMC12757908

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.