ReviewRegenerative biomaterials2025
Ocular bio-lubricating materials: from lubrication mechanism to dry eye syndrome treatment.
Review in Regenerative biomaterials, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Rebuilding Ocular Surface Lubrication with a Light-Triggered Hydration-Lubricating Nanoplatform for Dry Eye Disease Therapy.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The human eye, a mechanically dynamic and physiologically vital organ, sustains continuous mechanical activity through repetitive blinking-averaging approximately 20 000 cycles daily, while exhibiting exceptional lubrication performance characterized by an ultralow coefficient of friction (<0.01). This remarkable lubricating functionality is mediated by the tear film, a multifunctional biological lubricant combining boundary lubrication mechanisms (via adsorbed mucins and lipids) and fluid film lubrication mechanisms to minimize friction and wear, and preserve ocular surface integrity. Failure of such ocular lubrication can cause tear film instability or ocular surface damage, leading to discomfort, visual dysfunction and dry eye syndrome. Ocular lubrication involves multiple structures and lubricants with highly complex biomolecular interactions. Insights into the structure of eyes, lubricant composition and causes of functional impairments are essential for addressing friction-related diseases in biological systems. This review examines ocular lubrication by first exploring the biological structure of the eyes and typical lubrication modes. Then, the characterization tools, such as tribometer, atomic force microscope and surface force balance in the field of ocular lubrication, are introduced, followed by a comparison of their working principles, applicable conditions and application fields. Finally, the specific causes of dry eye syndrome are outlined, along with current bio-lubricants, contact lenses and other ocular-inspired bio-lubricating materials.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.