ArticleWorld journal of gastrointestinal oncology2025
Exosomal miR-191 promotes colorectal cancer progression by inducing M2 macrophage polarization and inhibiting ferroptosis.
Article in World journal of gastrointestinal oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Macrophage polarization and non-coding RNAs in colorectal cancer progression and metastasis.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Review
- Research progress on the mechanism, diagnosis, and treatment of exosomal miRNA in chronic prostatitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundMultiple exosomal microRNAs were reported to have a significant role in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. The function and mechanism of exosomal miR-191 in CRC have not been clearly elucidated.
aimTo explore the roles of miR-191 in CRC.
methodsSupernatant exosomes from CRC cells were extracted and identified. After coculture, macrophage polarization was determined using flow cytometry for the markers cluster of differentiation (CD) 68 and CD163, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the cytokines interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10, western blotting for chitinase-like protein 3 and arginase-1 expression, and immunofluorescent staining for 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, ferroptosis-related proteins (
resultsWe successfully isolated exosomes from CRC cells. Inhibition of miR-191 in CRC cells suppressed M2 polarization of macrophages. After coculture of macrophages, inhibition of miR-191 induced ROS production, ferroptosis, and apoptosis of CRC cells. Silencing of exosomal miR-191 from CRC cells prevented M2 polarization of macrophages, and weakened CRC development by inducing ferroptosis. Exosomal miR-191 accelerated cancer progression in CRC nude mice by promoting M2 polarization of macrophages.
conclusionInhibition of exosomal miR-191 attenuated CRC progression by inducing ferroptosis in macrophages. This study revealed a novel mechanism by which exosomal miR-191 modulates the tumor microenvironment.
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