Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41480027›Full record

ArticlemedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences2025

Association between bullying, state-level policy and mental health symptoms in gender diverse youth.

Dylan E Hughes, Sarah L Zapetis, Arianna Mordy, Daisy Lopez, Vanessa Calderon, Laura Adery, Rachel Martino, Sarah E Chang, Lucina Q Uddin, Carlos Cardenas-Iniguez and 5 more

Abstract readPreprint
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In one paragraph

Article in medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Dylan E HughesDepartment of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.ORCID 0009-0003-3759-2417
Sarah L ZapetisDepartment of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
Arianna MordyDepartment of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.
Daisy LopezDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.
Vanessa CalderonDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.
Laura AderyDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.
Rachel MartinoDepartment of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.
Sarah E ChangDepartment of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA.
Lucina Q UddinDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.
Carlos Cardenas-IniguezDepartment of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles.
Richard T LebeauDepartment of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.
Natalia RamosDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.
Lauren C NgDepartment of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.
Katherine H KarlsgodtDepartment of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.
Carrie E BeardenDepartment of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.

Funding

ABCD-USA Consortium: Coordinating CenterU24DA041147 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI SANDRA A BROWN, TERRY L. JERNIGAN · 2015 to 2026
$54.7M
ABCD-USA Consortium: Data Analysis, Informatics and Resource CenterU24DA041123 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI ANDERS M DALE · 2015 to 2026
$51.5M
Adolescent Substance Use Initiation: Disentangling neurocognitive risks from consequences using longitudinal and genetically-informed methodsU01DA041120 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI Monica Luciana, Sylia Wilson · 2015 to 2026
$34.5M
ABCD-USA Consortium: Research ProjectU01DA041089 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Joanna Jacobus, Susan F. Tapert · 2015 to 2026
$31.7M
Prospective Research Studies of Maturation (PRISM)- Research ProjectU01DA041134 · NIDA · UTAH STATE HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM--UNIVERSITY OF UTAH · PI ERIN MCGLADE, PERRY FRANKLIN RENSHAW · 2015 to 2026
$29.2M
ABCD-USA CONSORTIUM: RESEARCH PROJECTU01DA041048 · NIDA · CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL OF LOS ANGELES · PI Megan Marie Herting, ELIZABETH R SOWELL · 2015 to 2026
$28.7M
ABCD-USA Consortium: Research ProjectU01DA041106 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Mary M Heitzeg, Chandra Sekhar Sripada · 2015 to 2026
$24.9M
FIU-ABCD: Pathways and Mechanisms to Addiction in the Latino Youth of South FloridaU01DA041156 · NIDA · FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY · PI Raul Gonzalez, Angela R Laird · 2015 to 2026
$22.8M
ABCD-USA Consortium: Research ProjectU01DA041148 · NIDA · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI Damien A Fair, Rebekah S Huber · 2015 to 2026
$22.3M
ABCD-USA: NYC Research ProjectU01DA041174 · NIDA · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI Arielle Ryan Baskin-Sommers, Betty J Casey · 2015 to 2026
$19.7M
Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Prospective Research in Studies of Maturation (PRISM) ConsortiumU01DA041117 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI LINDA CHANG, THOMAS M ERNST · 2015 to 2026
$19.5M
15/21 ABCD-USA Consortium: Research Project Site at LIBRU01DA050989 · NIDA · LAUREATE INSTITUTE FOR BRAIN RESEARCH · PI ROBIN L AUPPERLE, MARTIN P. PAULUS · 2020 to 2026
$14.7M
NICHD NIH HHS T32 HD091059NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041022NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041025NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041028NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041048NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041089NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041093NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041106NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041117NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041120NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041134NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041148NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041156NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041174NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA050987NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA050988NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA050989NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA051016NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA051018NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA051037NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA051038NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA051039NIDA NIH HHS U24 DA041123NIDA NIH HHS U24 DA041147NINDS NIH HHS T32 NS048004
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Importance: As the percentage of young people in the United States identifying as transgender and gender diverse increases, more youth face identity-linked social and structural stigma and discrimination. Little is known about the impact of stigma on psychotic-like experiences in gender diverse youth. Objective: To assess the impact of bullying victimization and state-level policies on psychotic-like experiences among gender diverse youth. Design: In this prospective cohort study, cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses were conducted using data collected between 2017-2022 across 17 states. Setting: The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study is a U.S. population-based longitudinal study that follows and deeply phenotypes adolescents from the age of 9 to 18. Participants: Cross-sectional analyses included data from 9,112 participants (mean age=13 ± 0.6) collected between 2019 and 2022. Longitudinal analyses comprised 4,529 participants with data collected across 5 waves between 2017 and 2022. Exposures: Self-reported frequency of bullying victimization and data on annual state-level policies related to gender identity. Main Outcomes: Self-reported psychotic-like experiences and associated distress, measured by the Prodromal Questionnaire - Brief Child Version. Results: Based on a dimensional measure of gender, 689 adolescents were identified as most gender diverse (i.e., least congruent with birth-assigned sex) and 8,240 as least gender diverse (i.e., most congruent with birth-assigned sex). Rates of bullying victimization and psychotic-like experiences were significantly elevated in the most vs. least gender diverse group, with bullying partially mediating the difference in psychotic-like experiences (indirect effect = 0.11, p < 2×10 Conclusions: These findings indicate that bullying victimization and unsupportive legislation may explain greater and increasing rates of psychotic-like experiences in gender diverse youth.

Identifiers

PMID41480027
PMCPMC12755275

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.