ArticleWorld journal of nephrology2025
Acute kidney injury induced by topical hair straightening products: A systematic review.
Article in World journal of nephrology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Oxalate Nephropathy-Induced Acute Kidney Injury following Use of an Organic Hair-Treatment Product in an 8-Year-Old Child: A Case Report.Case reports in nephrology and dialysisArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHair straightening products containing formaldehyde, glycolic acid, and glyoxylic acid may be nephrotoxic, as several studies have reported acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by these chemicals.
aimTo investigate the clinical features, complications, and treatment of AKI resulting from topical exposure to hair-straightening products.
methodsThe study protocol was registered with PROSPERO under the registration number CRD420251010513. PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched from inception to April 3, 2025, for case reports and case series describing patients diagnosed with AKI-defined as an increase in serum creatinine of ≥ 0.3 mg/dL, following exposure to hair-straightening products. Means and standard deviations were used to describe continuous variables and frequencies and percentages were reported for dichotomous variables.
resultsThe search yielded 168 potentially relevant articles, of which six case reports and two case series met the inclusion criteria, collectively providing data on 34 patients for 36 incidents (in one case report, three AKI episodes occurred in the same patient). In 20 incidents, the hair product was identified as "formaldehyde-free", while in 16 incidents, the chemical composition was unknown. All patients were female (mean age: 28.53 ± 11.72 years; range: 10-58 years) and the median time for the development of AKI was 2 days. The mean serum creatinine level at admission was 5.24 ± 2.83 mg/dL (range: 1.9-13.2 mg/dL). The most common presenting symptoms were vomiting (
conclusionThe findings of this systematic review highlight the need for caution when using hair-straightening products due to their potential to cause AKI.
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