Ultrafast lasers for attosecond science.

Xijie Hu, Ka Fai Mak, Jinwei Zhang, Zhiyi Wei, Ferenc Krausz

Abstract readReview

In one paragraph

Review in Light, science & applications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Xijie Hu *School of Optical and Electronic Information and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China.

Ka Fai Mak *School of Optical and Electronic Information and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China.

Jinwei ZhangSchool of Optical and Electronic Information and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China. jinweizhang@hust.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7506-4856

Zhiyi WeiInstitute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.

Ferenc KrauszMax Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6525-9449

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 62335009

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The first measurement of attosecond pulses in 2001 unleashed a new wave of exploration in the microcosmic world. The pulse width has since shrunk from an initial 650 to 43 as, and the flux, photon energy, and repetition rates have progressively been raised. The performance of attosecond pulses hinges upon the driving lasers, whose rapid development underlaid many advancements of attosecond technology. Yet the expansion of new applications in attosecond science demands driving lasers with ever better performance. Beginning with the fundamental principles of attosecond pulse generation and applications, this article reviews the evolution and trend of the driving lasers in terms of pulse energy, pulse width, wavelength, and repetition rate.

Identifiers

PMID41478894

DOI10.1038/s41377-025-02121-4

PMCPMC12757603

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LicenceCC BY

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.