ReviewThe Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics2025
Next-generation T cell engagers in oncology: Pharmacologic evolution from bispecific to trispecific antibodies.
Review in The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Advances in targeted and cellular therapies for relapsed/refractory mantle cell lymphoma: immunotherapeutic strategies and challenges.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Review
- The trinity of T cell engagement: navigating the molecular and clinical landscape of CAR-T, TILs, and TCEs in the war against cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recent advances in immuno-oncology have led to the development of innovative T cell-engaging therapies, transforming the treatment landscape for hematologic and solid malignancies. Bispecific T cell engagers (BiTEs) have demonstrated clinical efficacy by redirecting T cell cytotoxicity toward tumor cells, yet challenges such as antigen escape, safety concerns, and limited durability remain. Building on the foundation established by BiTEs, the emergence of trispecific T cell engagers promises enhanced tumor selectivity, improved pharmacodynamic profiles, and potentially superior clinical outcomes. This minireview summarizes the pharmacology of T cell engagers, with a focus on the mechanistic evolution from BiTEs to next-generation trispecific antibodies. We highlight recent advances in molecular design, summarize current clinical evidence, and address ongoing challenges in drug development and safety. By critically synthesizing the latest preclinical and clinical findings, this review aims to inform future research directions and optimize the clinical translation of next-generation T cell-engaging therapeutics. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This minireview synthesizes current knowledge on the pharmacology of T cell engagers, spotlighting the shift from bispecifics to trispecifics, and provides insights essential for advancing safer and more effective immunotherapies in oncology.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.